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The White House Office of Science and Technology Policy announced a pause on new federal funding for gain-of-function studies expected to enhance the pathogenicity or transmissibility of influenza, MERS or SARS viruses, pending a deliberative process.
2 sources
The Department of Health and Human Services published its Framework for Guiding Funding Decisions about Proposed Research Involving Enhanced Potential Pandemic Pathogens (P3CO); NIH lifted the 2014 pause the same day. Only the subset of studies that meet the framework's definition go to the HHS review.
2 sources
The 7th CISM Military World Games ran in Wuhan from October 18 to 27, 2019. A Department of Defense report to the Armed Services Committees, dated December 2022 and made public in April 2025, says seven U.S. service members who attended exhibited COVID-19-like signs or symptoms between October 2019 and January 2020.
3 sources
On June 1, 2021, 3,234 pages of Dr. Anthony Fauci's emails from January to June 2020 were released to BuzzFeed News under FOIA. Among them is the January 31, 2020 message from Kristian Andersen saying that some features of the virus potentially looked engineered, and the February 2020 traffic that followed.
2 sources
At a Senate Health, Education, Labor and Pensions Committee hearing on May 11, 2021, questioned by Senator Rand Paul, Dr. Fauci said: “The NIH has not ever and does not now fund gain-of-function research in the Wuhan Institute of Virology.”
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At the Senate HELP Committee hearing of July 20, 2021, Senator Paul asked Dr. Fauci whether he wished to retract the May statement. Dr. Fauci did not: “Senator Paul, you do not know what you are talking about, quite frankly,” and, “If anybody is lying here, senator, it is you.”
3 sources
In a letter to Representative James Comer, NIH Principal Deputy Director Lawrence Tabak wrote that the EcoHealth Alliance grant's Wuhan work included a limited experiment with bat coronavirus spike proteins in mice, that mice infected with one modified virus became sicker than those with the original, and that EcoHealth had failed to report this as its grant required.
3 sources
Between October 19 and 22, 2021, the NIH page titled Gain-of-Function Research Involving Potential Pandemic Pathogens began redirecting to a new page, Research Involving Enhanced Potential Pandemic Pathogens, which no longer carried the earlier general definition. NIH told Science the terms had been misused and were confusing.
5 sources
The Department of Health and Human Services formally debarred EcoHealth Alliance and its former president, Dr. Peter Daszak, from federal funding for five years, following the proposed debarment of May 2024 and the House Select Subcommittee's findings.
2 sources